NASA·每日一图

美国国家航空航天局(NASA)和诺斯罗普·格鲁曼公司(Northrop Grumman)技术人员在犹他州海角(Promontory)为美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的深空火箭(deep space rocket)、太空发射系统(space Launch System)和猎户座(Orion)航天器的第二次飞行，对最后一个助推电机部分进行了绝缘处理。隔热层应用于每个钢电机段的内部，保护壳体免受发射和飞行过程中推进剂产生的热量。双五段固体火箭发动机助推器为SLS是有史以来最大的，最强大的固体推进剂助推器。SLS同时使用液体和固体推进剂来提供火箭发射和送入太空所需的推力。助推器在发射和前两分钟的飞行提供了超过75%的总推力。五个电机部分堆叠在一起，为每个助推器创建一个非常大的电机。今年早些时候，SLS和Orion首次试飞的全部10个发动机部件的制造和检验工作已经完成。 美国国家航空和宇宙航行局负责在2024年前将美国宇航员送上月球表面。SLS和猎户座是我们深空探索的支柱。SLS和猎户座将从美国宇航局位于佛罗里达州的肯尼迪航天中心发射，执行月球轨道门户的任务。美国宇航局计划2022年在猎户座飞船上测试SLS。 NASA and Northrop Grumman technicians in Promontory, Utah, have applied insulation to the final booster motor segment for the second flight of NASA’s deep space rocket, the Space Launch System, and NASA’s Orion spacecraft. The insulation, applied to the interior of each steel motor segment, protects the casing from the heat generated by the propellant during launch and flight. The twin, five-segment solid rocket motor boosters for SLS are the largest, most powerful solid propellant boosters ever built. SLS uses both liquid and solid propellant to provide the thrust needed to launch the vehicle and send it to space. The boosters provide more than 75% of the total thrust at launch and into the first two minutes of…

城市生活有它的挑战。人群、交通、受天气影响的行人……以及无人机——也被称为无人驾驶飞机系统(UAS)，在不久的将来，它们将在我们的城市面临一些同样的挑战。到2020年，美国注册的小型商用无人机将多达40万架，另有约200万架用于娱乐用途。从中心地带的农场到城市地区，许多那些对人们来说太脏或太危险的工作已经出现在无人机领域。特别是在城市环境中，将有必要保持所有的活动在空中安全顺利地运行。 未来几个月，NASA将在内华达州里诺市和德克萨斯州科珀斯克里斯蒂市进行小型无人机的实地演示。这将完成该机构的技术测试，这些技术可以成为安全管理无人机交通系统的一部分。 City life has its challenges. The crowds, the traffic, pedestrians at the mercy of the weather … and drones – also known as unmanned aircraft systems, or UAS, which will face some of the same challenges in our cities in the near future. By 2020, there could be as many as 400,000 commercial small UAS registered in the United States, along with some two million for recreational use. Many jobs – those too dirty or dangerous for people – are already emerging for drones, everywhere from farms in the heartland to the urban areas. Especially in an urban environment, there will be a need to keep all that activity in the air running safely and smoothly. NASA is conducting field demonstrations of small…

一个迷你冰箱大小的小宇宙飞船里充满了尖端的“绿色”技术。美国宇航局的绿色推进剂注入任务(GPIM)将证明是一个可持续的和有效的太空飞行方法。此次任务将首次在太空中测试一种低毒性推进剂和兼容系统。这项技术可以通过提供更长的任务持续时间和更少的推进剂来提高未来任务的性能。 在这张照片中，一名球形航空航天工程师正在对飞船进行最后的检查，之后飞船将被送往位于佛罗里达州的NASA肯尼迪航天中心进行发射处理。GPIM是2019年6月SpaceX猎鹰重型运载火箭搭载美国空军空间和导弹系统中心空间测试项目2 (STP-2)执行的四项独特的NASA技术任务之一。 A small spacecraft the size of a mini-refrigerator is packed with cutting-edge “green” technology. NASA’s Green Propellant Infusion Mission, or GPIM, will prove a sustainable and efficient approach to spaceflight. The mission will test a low toxicity propellant and compatible systems in space for the first time. This technology could improve the performance of future missions by providing for longer mission durations using less propellant. In this photo, a Ball Aerospace engineer performs final checks before the spacecraft shipped to NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida for launch processing. GPIM is one of four unique NASA technology missions aboard the June 2019 SpaceX Falcon Heavy launch of the U.S. Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center’s Space Test Program-2 (STP-2). Credits: Ball…

1969年5月18日，阿波罗10号发射升空，这是土星5号的第五次发射。它搭载了任务指挥官Thomas Stafford、指挥模块飞行员John Young和登月舱飞行员Eugene Cernan前往月球。机组人员进行了第一次月球轨道交会对接, 除了动力下降、着陆和登月舱升空外, 还执行了月球着陆任务。任务目标是排练所有步骤并重现阿波罗11号的所有事件，即第一次登月任务，除了月球着陆，停留和升空。 这次任务向地球进行了第一台彩色电视直播, 发射后 3个小时, 阿波罗10号距离地球3,570 英里。 When Apollo 10 launched on May 18, 1969, it was the fifth launch of the Saturn V. It carried Mission Commander Thomas Stafford, command module pilot John Young and lunar module pilot Eugene Cernan to the Moon. The crew performed the first lunar orbit rendezvous, and the lunar landing mission profile was performed except for powered descent, landing and ascent of the lunar module. The mission objectives were to rehearse all the steps and reproduce all the events of the Apollo 11, the first lunar landing mission, with the exception of the lunar touchdown, stay and liftoff. The mission transmitted the first live color television transmissions to Earth, which began three hours after launch…

不规则星系NGC 4485显示出了它曾与一个绕道而过的星系发生过一起肇事逃逸事故的所有迹象。这次偶遇并没有毁灭银河系，而是孕育了新一代恒星，可能还有行星。 星系的右侧闪耀着恒星形成的光芒，众多年轻的蓝色恒星和正在孕育恒星的粉红色星云中都显示了这一点。然而，左边看起来完好无损。它包含了星系之前螺旋结构的蛛丝马迹，这个螺旋结构曾经经历过正常的星系演化。 更大的罪魁祸首NGC 4490在这幅图的底部。这两个星系在数百万年前擦肩而过，现在相距24000光年。它们之间的引力拉锯战在两个星系中都产生了高密度气体和尘埃的波纹。这一活动引发了一系列恒星的形成。 这个星系是附近宇宙撞车活动的一个例子，这种活动在数十亿年前更为常见，当时宇宙更小，星系距离更近。 NGC4485位于2500万光年之外的北部Canes Venatici星座(猎犬星座)。 这张由哈勃广域相机3号(WFC3)拍摄的新照片，进一步揭示了星系演化的复杂性。 哈勃太空望远镜是美国宇航局和欧洲航天局(ESA)合作的一个国际项目。位于马里兰州格林贝尔特的美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心负责管理该望远镜。位于马里兰州巴尔的摩市的太空望远镜科学研究所(STScI)负责哈勃的科学运作。 STScI由华盛顿特区天文研究大学协会为NASA运营。 The irregular galaxy NGC 4485 shows all the signs of having been involved in a hit-and-run accident with a bypassing galaxy. Rather than destroying the galaxy, the chance encounter is spawning a new generation of stars, and presumably planets. The right side of the galaxy is ablaze with star formation, shown in the plethora of young blue stars and star-incubating pinkish nebulas. The left side, however, looks intact. It contains hints of the galaxy’s previous spiral structure, which, at one time, was undergoing normal galactic evolution. The larger culprit galaxy, NGC 4490, is off the bottom of the frame. The two galaxies sideswiped each other millions of years ago and are now 24,000 light-years…

Jonny Kim被选为美国宇航局2017年宇航员班的成员，绰号“海龟”。2002年从圣莫尼卡高中毕业后，金姆作为一名海员加入了海军。在海军特种作战训练结束后，他被指派为海豹突击队第三分队的特种作战操作员。在2009年接受海军的委托项目之前，他曾担任过战地医生、狙击手、领航员和指挥人员，参与过100多次战斗行动，负责两次部署到中东的战斗行动。2012年从圣地亚哥大学毕业后，Jonny Kim通过海军预备役军官训练队进入了医疗队。在2017年6月被选中时，Kim是麻省总医院(Massachusetts General Hospital)Partners Healthcare的急诊医学住院医师。 Jonny Kim was selected as a member of NASA’s 2017 astronaut class, nicknamed “the Turtles.” Kim enlisted in the Navy as a Seaman recruit following graduation from Santa Monica High School in 2002. After completion of training at Naval Special Warfare, he was assigned as a Special Warfare Operator to SEAL Team THREE in San Diego, California. He served as a combat medic, sniper, navigator and point man on more than 100 combat operations spanning two deployments to the Middle East before accepting the Navy’s commissioning program in 2009. Kim was commissioned through the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps into the Medical Corps following graduation from the University of San Diego in 2012. At the time of his selection…

在肯尼迪航天中心进行的声学测试中，猎户座探索任务-1的乘员舱被发射出141分贝的极端振动，模拟飞船在太空中的体验。用麦克风、应变计和加速度计收集航天器响应和声压数据。猎户座飞船将搭载宇航员执行深空任务，并将帮助宇航员在2024年前登上月球。 The Orion crew module for Exploration Mission-1 was blasted with 141 decibels of extreme vibrations during acoustics testing at the Kennedy Space Center, simulating what the vehicle will experience in space. Spacecraft response and sound pressure data were collected with microphones, strain gauges and accelerometers. Orion is the spacecraft that will take astronauts on missions to deep space and will help enable astronauts to set foot on the Moon by 2024. Image Credit: Radislav Sinyak

国际空间站的工作人员在轨道日出之初拍摄了地球边缘上方的上弦月和大气的蓝色色调。当轨道复合体在日本海上空飞行256英里时，可以看到空间站太阳能阵列的一部分在左边的前景中。 The International Space Station crew photographed the waxing crescent moon just above Earth’s limb and the bluish hue of the atmosphere at the beginning of an orbital sunrise. A portion of one of the Space Station’s solar arrays is seen in the left foreground as the orbital complex flew 256 miles above the Sea of Japan. Image Credit: NASA

Joe Acaba于2004年被选为宇航员。在成为阿斯托纳特之前，他曾是加州洛杉矶的水文地质学家，主要在超级基金的网站上工作。他在美国和平队(United States Peace Corps)工作了两年，在多米尼加共和国担任环境教育宣传人员。他同时也是巴哈马群岛埃克苏玛斯群岛李·斯托克岛加勒比海洋研究中心的经理。他还在佛罗里达州墨尔本高中教了一年的高中科学，在佛罗里达州邓纳伦中学教了四年的初中数学和科学。 作为一名宇航员，Acaba在太空中飞行了三次，总共306天，第一次是发现号航天飞机STS-119任务的任务专家，第二次是在国际空间站上。 在这张图片中，Acaba在远征53/54(2018年9月13日至2月28日)期间向国际空间站上的学生朗读。 Joe Acaba was selected as an astronaut in 2004. Before he became an astornaut, he worked as a hydro-geologist in Los Angeles, California, primarily on Superfund sites. He spent two years in the United States Peace Corps as an Environmental Education Awareness Promoter in the Dominican Republic. He was also the manager of the Caribbean Marine Research Center at Lee Stocking Island in the Exumas, Bahamas. He also taught one year of high school science at Melbourne High School, Florida, and four years of middle school math and science at Dunnellon Middle School, Florida. As an astronaut, Acaba has logged a total of 306 days in space on three flights, first as a mission specialist on the Space…

Ellison Onizuka是第一位在太空飞行的亚裔美国人。他是1978年NASA宇航员班的一员，也被称为“35个新人”，是近十年来第一个宇航员班，也是第一个包括女性、西班牙裔、亚裔和非裔美国人的班级。 在成为宇航员之前，Onizuka上校在美国空军有着杰出的职业生涯，他在那里担任飞行测试工程师和试飞员。在位于麦克莱伦空军基地的萨克拉门托航空后勤中心，他为包括F-84、F-100、F-105、F-111和a -1在内的多种飞机进行了试飞项目和系统安全工程方面的工作。Onizuka还参加了美国空军试飞员学校。在学校期间，他登记的飞行时数超过1,700小时。在加入美国宇航局并完成宇航员训练后，Onizuka的第一次太空任务是在1985年搭乘发现号航天飞机执行STS-51-C任务。 1986年1月28日，挑战者号航天飞机在发射73秒后爆炸，Onizuka失去了生命。 Ellison Onizuka was the first Asian American to fly in space. He was a member of NASA’s Astronaut Class of 1978, also known as the Thirty-Five New Guys, the first astronaut class in nearly a decade and also the first to include women, Hispanics and Asian and African Americans. Before becoming an astronaut, Colonel Onizuka had a distinguished career with the United States Air Force, where he served as a flight test engineer and as a test pilot. At the Sacramento Air Logistics Center at McClellan Air Force Base, he worked in test flight programs and systems security engineering for a variety of aircraft, including the F-84, F-100, F-105, F-111 and A-1. Onizuka also attended the U.S. Air Force Test…