詹姆斯·韦伯望远镜发射时照亮了天空

詹姆斯·韦伯望远镜发射时照亮了天空

ByNASA中文

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, or JWST, launched aboard Arianespace’s Ariane 5 rocket on Saturday, Dec. 25, 2021, from the ELA-3 Launch Zone of Europe’s Spaceport at the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana. JWST is an infrared telescope with a 21.3 foot (6.5 meter) primary mirror. The observatory will study every phase of cosmic history—from within our solar system to the most distant observable galaxies in the early universe. 2021年12月25日星期六，NASA的詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）搭载阿丽亚娜航天公司的阿丽亚娜5型火箭，从位于法属圭亚那库鲁的圭亚那航天中心的欧洲航天港的ELA-3发射区发射升空。JWST是一款带有21.3英尺（6.5米）主镜的红外望远镜。天文台将研究宇宙历史的每个阶段——从我们的太阳系内部到早期宇宙中最遥远的可观测星系。 Over about two weeks, NASA will provide broadcast coverage, media briefings, and other updates on major deployment milestones for the James Webb Space Telescope, the world’s largest and most powerful space science telescope. 在大约两周的时间里，NASA将提供广播报道、媒体简报和其他有关詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜重大部署里程碑的更新。詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜是世界上最大、最强大的太空科学望远镜。 Broadcasts of milestone events will air live on NASA TV, the NASA app, and the agency’s website. 里程碑事件的广播将在NASA电视台、NASA应用程序和NASA网站上直播。 Image…

2021年度图像：国际空间站凌日

2021年度图像：国际空间站凌日

ByNASA中文

This composite image made from seven frames shows the International Space Station, with a crew of seven onboard, in silhouette as it transits the Sun at roughly five miles per second, Friday, June 25, 2021, from near Nellysford, Va. Onboard are Expedition 65 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur, Mark Vande Hei, Shane Kimbrough, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Thomas Pesquet, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Oleg Novitskiy. At the time of the transit, Kimbrough and Pesquet were working outside on the station’s port 6 truss to install the second Roll-Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the 4B power channel. 这张由七帧组成的合成图像显示了国际空间站的轮廓，空间站上有七名机组人员，它于2021年6月25日星期五从弗吉尼亚州内利斯福德附近以大约每秒5英里的速度凌日。第65号远征队包括NASA宇航员梅根·麦克阿瑟、马克·范德·黑、谢恩·金布罗、ESA（欧洲航天局）宇航员托马斯·佩斯奎特、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构 (JAXA) 宇航员星出彰彦，以及俄罗斯航天局宇航员彼得·杜布罗夫和奥列格·诺维茨基。在凌日时，金布罗和佩斯奎特正在空间站的的6号端口桁架上工作，以便在4B电源通道上安装第二块推出式太阳能电池板（iROSA）。 Image Credit: NASA/Joel Kowsky 影像来源：NASA/Joel Kowsky

詹姆斯·韦伯望远镜在阿丽亚娜5号火箭上推出到发射台

詹姆斯·韦伯望远镜在阿丽亚娜5号火箭上推出到发射台

ByNASA中文

Arianespace’s Ariane 5 rocket with NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope onboard, is rolled out to the launch pad, Thursday, Dec. 23, 2021, at Europe’s Spaceport, the Guiana Space Center in Kourou, French Guiana. The James Webb Space Telescope is a large infrared telescope with a 21.3 foot (6.5 meter) primary mirror. The observatory will study every phase of cosmic history—from within our solar system to the most distant observable galaxies in the early universe. 2021年12月23日星期四，搭载美国宇航局詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的阿丽亚娜航天公司的阿丽亚娜5号火箭在法属圭亚那库鲁的圭亚那航天中心的欧洲航天中心推出到发射台。 詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜是一个大型红外望远镜，主镜长21.3英尺（6.5米）。 天文台将研究宇宙历史的每个阶段——从太阳系内部到早期宇宙中最遥远的可观测星系。 Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls 影像来源：NASA/Bill Ingalls

小型（但功能强大）气象仪器

小型（但功能强大）气象仪器

ByNASA中文

The Compact Ocean Wind Vector Radiometer (COWVR) is no bigger than a minifridge. The Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems (TEMPEST) is even smaller – about the size of a cereal box. Yet these two compact science instruments are designed to do a big job: to make the same high-quality atmospheric observations as weather satellites many times their size and at a fraction of the cost. 紧凑型海洋风矢量辐射计（COWVR）不比小型冰箱大。风暴和热带系统（TEMPEST）的时间实验甚至更小——大约一个麦片盒大小。然而，这两种紧凑型科学仪器的设计目的是完成一项艰巨的任务：以比气象卫星小很多倍的体积和更小的成本，进行与气象卫星相同的高质量大气观测。 Built by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, the two radiometers are part of the U.S. Air Force’s Space Test Program-Houston 8 (STP-H8). They launched aboard a SpaceX Dragon cargo spacecraft on Tuesday, Dec. 21, 2021, on commercial resupply mission to the International Space Station as part of SpaceX’s 24th commercial resupply mission for the agency….

看冬至

看冬至

ByNASA中文

The Earth’s solstices come twice a year. For the Northern Hemisphere, the summer (June) solstice occurs around June 20-21, and the winter (December) solstice happens around Dec. 21-22. 地球的至日一年有两次。对于北半球来说，夏至发生在6月20-21日左右，冬至发生在12月21-22日左右。 At the solstice, the Sun’s path appears farthest north or south, depending on which half of the planet you are on. Seasons change on Earth because the planet is slightly tilted on its axis as it travels around the Sun. 在冬至时，太阳的路径出现在最远的北方或南方，这取决于您所在的行星的哪一半。地球上的季节会发生变化，因为地球在绕太阳运行时其轴心略微倾斜。 Earth’s axis may be imagined as an imaginary pole going right through the center of our planet from “top” to “bottom.” Earth spins around this pole, making one complete turn each day. That is why we have day and night. 地轴可以想象成一个从“上”到“下”穿过地球中心的假想极点。地球围绕着这个极点自转，每天转一圈。这就是为什么我们有白天和黑夜。 This image was taken with the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on…

詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的蓝图

詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的蓝图

ByNASA中文

These blueprints of the James Webb Space Telescope were created as a prop for a video series, but since it was requested, we are offering them as a download! (Look close and you’ll notice some of the smaller text is Latin!) 詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的蓝图是作为一个系列视频的道具而设计，但由于有人要求，我们提供下载！（仔细观察，您会发现一些较小的文本是拉丁文！） Webb is targeted to launch at 7:20 a.m. EST Friday, Dec. 24, on an Arianespace Ariane 5 rocket from Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, on the northeastern coast of South America. 韦伯计划于美国东部时间12月24日星期五早上7点20分，在位于南美洲东北海岸法属圭亚那库鲁的欧洲航天中心用阿丽亚娜航天五号火箭发射升空。 Image Credit: NASA 影像来源：NASA

哈勃望远镜观测到一个有着爆炸历史的星系

哈勃望远镜观测到一个有着爆炸历史的星系

ByNASA中文

In this image, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope captures a side-on view of NGC 3568, a barred spiral galaxy roughly 57 million light-years from the Milky Way in the constellation Centaurus. In 2014 the light from a supernova explosion in NGC 3568 reached Earth – a sudden flare of light caused by the titanic explosion accompanying the death of a massive star. While most astronomical discoveries are the work of teams of professional astronomers, this supernova was discovered by amateur astronomers who are part of the Backyard Observatory Supernova Search in New Zealand. Dedicated amateur astronomers often make intriguing discoveries – particularly of fleeting astronomical phenomena such as supernovae and comets. 在这张图片中，NASA/ESA哈勃太空望远镜拍摄到了NGC 3568的侧视图，这是一个位于半人马座的棒旋星系，距离银河系约5700万光年。2014年，NGC 3568中的一颗超新星爆炸发出的光线到达了地球–这是一颗大质量恒星死亡时发生的巨大爆炸引起的突然闪光。虽然大多数天文发现是专业天文学家团队的工作，但这颗超新星是由业余天文学家发现，他们是新西兰后院天文台超新星搜索的一部分。敬业的业余天文学家经常会有有趣的发现——尤其是超新星和彗星等转瞬即逝的天文现象。 This Hubble observation comes from a wealth of data gathered to…

反射的星光

反射的星光

ByNASA中文

This Hubble Space Telescope image captures a portion of the reflection nebula IC 2631, which contains a protostar, the hot, dense core of a forming star that is accumulating gas and dust. Eventually, the protostar may gravitationally gather enough matter to begin nuclear fusion and emit its own energy and starlight. 这张哈勃太空望远镜拍摄的图像捕捉到了反射星云IC2631的一部分，其中包含一颗原恒星，即正在积聚气体和尘埃的正在形成的恒星的炽热致密核心。最终，原恒星可能会在引力作用下聚集足够的物质，开始核聚变，并释放出自身的能量和星光。 Reflection nebulae are clouds of gas and dust that reflect the light from nearby stars. The starlight scatters through the gas and dust like a flashlight beam shining on mist in the dark and illuminates it. Because of the way light scatters when it hits the fine dust of the interstellar medium, these nebulae are often bluish in color. 反射星云是由气体和尘埃组成的云团，能够反射来自附近恒星的光。星光在气体和尘埃中散射，就像手电筒的光束照射在黑暗中照亮了薄雾一样。由于光线在接触到星际介质中的细尘埃时的散射方式，这些星云通常呈蓝色。 Hubble observed this nebula while looking for disks of gas and dust around…

尤金·帕克观看以他的名义命名的任务的升空

尤金·帕克观看以他的名义命名的任务的升空

ByNASA中文

Dr. Eugene Parker (seated), a pioneer in heliophysics, watched as NASA’s Parker Solar Probe launched at 3:31 a.m. EDT on Sunday, Aug. 12, 2018. This was the first agency mission named for a living person. 2018年8月12日星期日，美国东部时间凌晨3:31，太阳物理学先驱尤金·帕克博士（坐着）观看了美国宇航局的帕克太阳探测器发射。这是第一个以在世者命名的NASA任务。 In 2021, the mission performed the closest-ever observations of a star as it traveled through the Sun’s atmosphere, called the corona. The probe relies on measurements and imaging to revolutionize our understanding of the corona and the Sun-Earth connection. 2021粘，该任务完成了对太阳大气层（称为日冕）有史以来最接近的观测。该探测器依靠测量和成像来彻底改变我们对日冕和日地联系的理解。 Image Credit: NASA/Glenn Benson 图片来源：NASA/Glenn Benson

宇宙交付——NASA收到小行星龙宫的样本

宇宙交付——NASA收到小行星龙宫的样本

ByNASA中文

In this image, a Hayabusa2 sample canister containing sample fragments of the asteroid Ryugu was transferred from JAXA, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, to NASA on Nov. 30, 2021. 在这张图片中，一个隼鸟2号内含龙宫小行星样本碎片的样品罐，于2021年11月30日从日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）转移到NASA。 Scientists at ARES, the Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Division at the Johnson Space Center were among those selected to study samples retrieved by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft and returned to Earth in late 2020. NASA received 23 millimeter-sized grains and 4 containers of even finer material from Ryugu – 10 percent of the total collected – from JAXA on Nov. 30. 约翰逊航天中心的天体材料研究和探索科学部门ARES的科学家被选中研究隼鸟2号航天器取回的样本，这些样本将于2020年底返回地球。11月30日，NASA从日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）收到了23毫米大小的颗粒和和4个内含更精细的材料的容器，占收集到的总量的10%。 Image Credit: NASA/Robert Markowitz 影像来源：NASA/Robert Markowitz