NASA的月球相机拼接图揭示了月球南极

NASA的月球相机拼接图揭示了月球南极

沙克尔顿撞击坑的新拼接图 影像来源:Mosaic created by LROC (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter) and ShadowCam teams with images provided by NASA/KARI/ASU 沙克尔顿撞击坑的一幅新拼接图展示了两台月球轨道相机的力量,它们协同工作,揭示了月球南极地区前所未有的细节。 这幅拼接图是由2009年开始运行的月球侦查轨道器照相机(LROC)和2022年8月发射的韩国航空宇宙研究院(KARI)达努里(Danuri)航天器上搭载的NASA仪器ShadowCam拍摄的图像拼接而成。ShadowCam是由马林太空科学系统和亚利桑那州立大学开发。 LROC可以捕捉到月球表面的详细图像,但拍摄月球上从未受到阳光直射的阴影部分的能力有限,这些阴影部分被称为永久阴影区域。ShadowCam的感光度是LROC的200倍,可以在极低光照条件下成功运行,揭示LROC看不到的特征和地形细节。ShadowCam依靠月球地质特征或地球反射的阳光来拍摄阴影中的图像。 然而,ShadowCam的感光度使其无法拍摄到阳光直接照射的月球部分的图像,从而产生过曝的结果。每台相机都针对月球两极附近的特定照明条件进行了优化,分析人员可以将这两台仪器的图像结合起来,创建一张月球最亮和最暗部分的地形和地质特征的综合视觉地图。在这幅拼接图中,永久阴影区域,如沙克尔顿撞击坑的内部地面和峭壁,由于阴影相机的图像,可以如此详细地看到。相比之下,这幅拼接图中阳光照射的区域,比如撞击坑的边缘和侧面,是LROC收集的图像的产物。 有了ShadowCam,NASA可以比以前更详细地拍摄月球的永久阴影区域的图像,让科学家更好地观察月球南极区域。该地区从未被人类勘探过,由于被认为含有冰沉积物或其他冻结挥发物,因此对科学和勘探非常感兴趣。科学家们认为,月球上的冰层已经存在了数百万或数十亿年,研究样本的能力可以进一步加深我们对月球和太阳系如何演化的理解。冰沉积物也可以作为一种重要的勘探资源,因为它们由氢和氧组成,可以用于火箭燃料或生命支持系统。 月球南极地区更完整的地图对未来的表面探测工作很有价值,比如VIPER(挥发性物质极地探测车)和阿尔忒弥斯任务,这些任务将使人类重返月球表面,并在月球上建立长期存在。

阿尔忒弥斯着陆和回收主任莉莉安娜·比利亚雷亚尔

阿尔忒弥斯着陆和回收主任莉莉安娜·比利亚雷亚尔

“From an early age, I wanted to be an astronaut. I remember going to Kennedy Space Center Visitor Center when I was 7 on a family trip, and we got to see the rockets in the Rocket Garden and learn all about the Moon landings. I had no idea that humanity had ever been in space, much less landed on the Moon. When my family moved from Colombia to the United States when I was 10 years old, I remember thinking, ‘Maybe I have an opportunity to work in the space industry when I get older now that I live here.’ “Back then, we didn’t have Google, so I went to the library because I wanted to find out, ‘How do you become an astronaut?’…

哈德逊湾冰层加速破裂

哈德逊湾冰层加速破裂

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s NOAA-20 satellite captured this image of fragmented ice in Hudson Bay on June 28, 2023. The sea ice typically melts away between June and August, and the bay begins to freeze over again in late October or November. The ebb and flow of ice and its distribution play a vital role in the lives of many animals, especially polar bears. When there is ice in the bay, polar bears head out to hunt for ringed seals and other prey. When the ice melts, the bears retreat to shore, where they fast or feed on whatever bits of food they can find until the ice returns. Warm weather in early June 2023 accelerated…

DROID 2捉风

DROID 2捉风

Justin Hall lands the Dryden Remotely Operated Integrated Drone 2 (DROID 2) aircraft at NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center in Edwards, California, on Aug. 22, 2023, as part of the Advanced Exploration of Reliable Operation at Low Altitudes: Meteorology, Simulation and Technology campaign. The data gathered by studying wind from the ground to 2,000 feet could improve the safety of takeoff and landing for future air taxis and improve weather forecasts. DROID 2, a fixed wing aircraft, acted as a wind sensor during the study. The remotely piloted drone, with its 10-foot wingspan, flew repeated passes at different predetermined altitudes. It completed the last flights for the campaign on Aug. 31. See more photos from the wind study. Image Credit: NASA/Steve Freeman 2023年8月22日,贾斯汀·霍尔将德莱顿远程操作集成无人机2 (DROID 2)飞机降落在NASA位于加利福尼亚州爱德华兹的阿姆斯特朗飞行研究中心,这是低空可靠操作高级探索:气象,模拟和技术活动的一部分。通过研究从地面到2,000英尺的风力收集数据可以提高未来空中出租车起飞和降落的安全性,并改善天气预报。…

弗兰克·卢比奥打破了NASA的单次太空飞行记录

弗兰克·卢比奥打破了NASA的单次太空飞行记录

In this image from July 24, 2023, astronaut Frank Rubio completes a session on the Surface Avatar Remote Control Terminal, which investigates how haptic controls, user interfaces, and virtual reality could command and control surface-bound robots from long distances. While aboard the International Space Station, Rubio has worked on several experiments involving robotics, space physics, and biology, and he participated in three spacewalks. On Sept. 11, 2023, Rubio surpassed NASA’s single spaceflight record of 355 continuous days in space made by astronaut Mark Vande Hei on March 30, 2022. NASA TV broadcast a prerecorded space-to-ground conversation Vande Hei had with Rubio on Sept. 5, when he congratulated the orbiting astronaut for his record-breaking mission. Rubio is set to return to Earth on Sept. 27, when…

雪白的白鹭在水中搜寻

雪白的白鹭在水中搜寻

A snowy egret, identifiable by its slender black bill, black legs and yellow feet, marches through a pond near NASA’s Kennedy Space Center, looking for food in this image from March 29, 2007. This species inhabits salt marshes, ponds, rice field and shallow coastal bays from Maine to southern South America. They are also found in northern California, Texas, and Oklahoma. Kennedy shares a boundary with the Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, which surrounds it; more than 330 native and migratory bird species live there. Image credit: NASA/Ken Thornsley 在这张2007年3月29日拍摄的照片中,一只雪白的白鹭,从它细长的黑色喙,黑色的腿和黄色的脚可以辨认出来,它正在寻找食物。该物种栖息于从缅因州到南美南部的盐沼,池塘,稻田和浅海岸海湾。加州北部、德克萨斯州和俄克拉何马州也有它们的身影。肯尼迪与环绕着它的梅里特岛国家野生动物保护区接壤;超过330种本地和候鸟生活在那里。 图片来源:NASA/Ken Thornsley

打开舱门:载人6号溅落

打开舱门:载人6号溅落

Support teams onboard the SpaceX recovery ship MEGAN work to open the hatch of the SpaceX Dragon Endeavour spacecraft shortly after it landed in the Atlantic Ocean on Sept. 4, 2023, with NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, United Arab Emirates (UAE) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev aboard. Bowen, Hoburg, Alneyadi, and Fedyaev are returning after nearly six months in space aboard the International Space Station. This was the first spaceflight for all members except Bowen. During this expedition, Hoburg completed his first spacewalk, Alneyadi became the first UAE astronaut to conduct a spacewalk, and Bowen tied the record for most spacewalks by a U.S. astronaut, also held by Mike Lopez-Alegria, Bob Behnken, Peggy Whitson, and Chris Cassidy. Watch the crew…

哈勃望远镜发现嵌入银河系内部的闪光球状星团

哈勃望远镜发现嵌入银河系内部的闪光球状星团

This colorful image of the globular star cluster Terzan 12 is a spectacular example of how dust in space affects starlight coming from background objects. A globular star cluster is a conglomeration of stars, arranged in a spheroidal shape. Stars in globular clusters are bound together by gravity, with a higher concentration of stars towards the center. The Milky Way has about 150 ancient globular clusters at its outskirts. These clusters orbit around the galactic center, but far above and below the pancake-flat plane of our galaxy, like bees buzzing around a hive. The location of this globular cluster, deep in the Milky Way in the constellation Sagittarius, means that it is shrouded in gas and dust which absorb and alter the starlight emanating from…

OSIRIS-REx样品返回演练

OSIRIS-REx样品返回演练

A recovery team member takes part in field rehearsals in preparation for the retrieval of the sample return capsule from NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission in this image from Aug. 29, 2023. The sample of rocks and dust, which the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft collected from the asteroid Bennu in Oct. 2020, will return to Earth on Sept. 24, safely landing at the Department of Defense’s Utah Test and Training Range. The sample will give generations of scientists a window into the time when the Sun and planets were forming about 4.5 billion years ago. Get a preview of what the asteroid sample recovery will look like and join us on Sept. 24 at 10 a.m. EDT for live coverage. Image Credit: NASA/Keegan Barber 图为2023年8月29日,一名回收团队成员参加现场演练,为从NASA的OSIRIS-REx任务中回收样本回收舱做准备。OSIRIS-REx航天器于2020年10月从小行星贝努收集的岩石和尘埃样本将于9月24日返回地球,安全降落在国防部的犹他测试和训练靶场。该样本将为未来的科学家提供一个窗口,让他们了解大约45亿年前太阳和行星形成的时间。 预览小行星样本回收的情况,并于美国东部时间9月24日上午10点加入我们的现场报道。 影像来源:NASA/Keegan Barber

This photograph from Sept. 5, 1977, shows the launch of NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft from NASA's Kennedy Space Center at Cape Canaveral, Fla.

旅行者1号升空,迈向星际之旅

On Sept. 5, 1977, NASA’s Voyager 1 spacecraft lifts off atop its Titan/Centaur-6 launch vehicle from Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, now Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, in Florida. Voyager 1 and its twin, Voyager 2, were originally launched to conduct closeup studies of Jupiter and Saturn, Saturn’s rings, and the larger moons of the two planets. After completing these missions and more, Voyager 1 became the first spacecraft to reach interstellar space and is now the farthest human-made object from Earth. Scientists think it will reach the inner edge of the Oort Cloud in 300 years. Follow along with Voyager’s live mission status. 1977年9月5日,NASA的旅行者1号宇宙飞船在位于佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角空军基地(现在的卡纳维拉尔角太空基地)的41号发射场搭载泰坦/半人马-6运载火箭升空。 旅行者1号和它的孪生兄弟旅行者2号最初是为了对木星和土星、土星环以及这两颗行星中较大的卫星进行近距离研究。在完成这些任务和更多任务后,旅行者1号成为第一艘到达星际空间的航天器,现在是距离地球最远的人造物体。科学家们认为它将在300年后到达奥尔特云的内缘。 继续关注旅行者的实时任务状态。