四月的金星和昴宿星团

四月的金星和昴宿星团

2020 April 11 Venus and the Pleiades in April Image Credit & Copyright: Antonio Finazzi Explanation: Shared around world in early April skies Venus, our brilliant evening star, wandered across the face of the lovely Pleiades star cluster. This timelapse image follows the path of the inner planet during the beautiful conjunction showing its daily approach to the stars of the Seven Sisters. From a composite of tracked exposures made with a telephoto lens, the field of view is also appropriate for binocular equipped skygazers. While the star cluster and planet were easily seen with the naked-eye, the spiky appearance of our sister planet in the picture is the result of a diffraction pattern produced by the camera’s lens. All images were taken from a…

金星与昴宿星团

金星与昴宿星团

2020 April 4 Venus and the Sisters Image Credit & Copyright: Fred Espenak (Bifrost Astronomical Observatory) Explanation: After wandering about as far from the Sun on the sky as Venus can get, the brilliant evening star is crossing paths with the sister stars of the Pleiades cluster. Look west after sunset and you can share the ongoing conjunction with skygazers around the world. Taken on April 2, this celestial group photo captures the view from Portal, Arizona, USA. Even bright naked-eye Pleiades stars prove to be much fainter than Venus though. Apparent in deeper telescopic images, the cluster’s dusty surroundings and familiar bluish reflection nebulae aren’t quite visible, while brighter Venus itself is almost overwhelming in the single exposure. And while Venus and the Sisters…

交通忙碌的金牛座

交通忙碌的金牛座

2020 April 3 The Traffic in Taurus Image Credit & Copyright: Lionel Majzik Explanation: There’s a traffic jam in Taurus lately. On April 1, this celestial frame from slightly hazy skies over Tapiobicske, Hungary recorded an impressive pile up toward the zodiacal constellation of the Bull and the Solar System’s ecliptic plane. Streaking right to left the International Space Station speeds across the bottom of the telescopic field of view. Wandering about as far from the Sun in planet Earth’s skies as it can get, inner planet Venus is bright and approaching much slower, overexposed at the right. Bystanding at the upper left are the sister stars of the Pleiades. No one has been injured in the close encounter though, because it really isn’t very…

四月天空的金星和昴宿星团

四月天空的金星和昴宿星团

2020 April 2 Venus and the Pleiades in April Digital Illustration Credit & Copyright: Fred Espenak (Bifrost Astronomical Observatory) Explanation: Venus is currently the brilliant evening star. Shared around world, in tonight’s sky Venus will begin to wander across the face of the lovely Pleiades star cluster. This digital sky map illustrates the path of the inner planet as the beautiful conjunction evolves, showing its position on the sky over the next few days. The field of view shown is appropriate for binocular equipped skygazers but the star cluster and planet are easily seen with the naked-eye. As viewed from our fair planet, Venus passed in front of the stars of the Seven Sisters 8 years ago, and will again 8 years hence. In fact,…

追日

追日

1999年,科学家们首次提出了太阳轨道飞行器任务,并计划在2008年至2013年期间执行发射任务,但由于技术困难和一些任务重组,延期至今天发射升空。 太阳轨道飞行器将首次拍摄太阳南北极。 Credit:NASA 历史性的发射 北京时间今天中午12时3分,太阳轨道飞行器发射升空,它将首次拍摄太阳的南北极。 Credit: @ulalaunch 下面是太阳轨道飞行器发射升空画面,在后面的画面(这段视频中没有)中还看到了火箭和满月的合影。 Credit:NASA TV 火箭(中间下方小点)升空后与满月的合影。 Credit:NASA TV 太阳轨道飞行器发射升空53分钟后,星箭分离,随后几分钟,任务小组与太阳轨道飞行器建立了联系。 太阳轨道飞行器发射和部署时序 Credit:ESA ESA接收到的太阳轨道飞行器的频谱信号,来自ESA追踪站New Norica 。 Credit:ESA ESA的深空网络 Credit:ESA 太阳轨道飞行器将于2020年12月26日,2021年8月8日,2022年9月3日,2025年2月18日,2026年12月24日,2028年3月17日近距离飞掠金星,以及在2021年11月26日飞掠地球。 太阳轨道飞行器未来运行轨迹 Credit:ESA 有关太阳轨道飞行器 有关太阳轨道飞行器参数 Credit:AIRBUS 发射重量:1800公斤 尺寸(折叠):2,6m x 3,1m x 2,4m 任务期限:7年(+3) 接近太阳的巡航时间:1.8年 承受的温度:-180°C 至 500°C 携带科学仪器数量:10个 太阳轨道飞行器上的十大科学仪器 Credit:ESA 太阳轨道飞行器携带的设备 Credit:ESA/ATG medialab 太阳轨道飞行器任务概览 Credit:NASA 有必要说的是太阳轨道飞行器的隔热层,隔热层就像是一块三明治,由多层钛箔制成,箔片上涂有一种称为SolarBlack的特殊材料,该材料是专为太阳轨道飞行器设计的,该涂层由磷酸钙(与人体骨骼相同的材料)制成,该涂层具有稳定的热性能和导电性,在飞行过程中不会脱落。 因为白色能够很好地反射太阳光,所以白色涂层之前都是航天器涂料的首选颜色,但不幸的是随着紫外线的辐射,白色涂层随着时间流逝会变暗,以至于影响航天器的热性能。 所以这次涂层的颜色就没有选择白色,ESA团队将太阳轨道飞行器非正式地称为“黑鸟”,以向其特殊的热保护系统致敬。 另外为确保搭载的仪器不能干扰磁场测量,清洁是一个重要挑战,任何类型的残留物,譬如灰尘颗粒或毛发都能给科学测量带来灾难性的后果,所以太阳轨道飞行器是迄今为止发射的最干净的航天器。 我们的太阳 我们的太阳,年龄约46亿岁,直径约是地球的109倍,质量约是地球的333060倍,体积约是地球的130万倍,温度范围从5500摄氏度到1500万摄氏度,距离地球约是1.5亿公里,光从其表面到达地球需要8分钟,两极的自转周期为36天,赤道的自转周期为25天,太阳环绕银河系的速度为220千米每秒,周期约为2.5亿年。 我们的太阳 Credit:ESA 太阳南北极磁场每11年翻转一次,1859年爆发了有记录以来最大的太阳风暴,导致全球各地都看到了极光,1947年发生了有记录以来最大的太阳黑子,相当于35个地球大小。 太阳轨道飞行器和帕克太阳探测器对比 Credit:  ESA 太阳轨道飞行器将首次拍摄太阳的南北极,它的四大任务分别是,太阳两极,太阳风,太空天气和磁场,带着一系列的问题,太阳轨道飞行器已于北京时间今天12时3分朝着太阳出发,它将同帕克太阳探测器一起研究我们太阳系的恒星,如同夸父一般。 参考 [1]https://sci.esa.int/web/solar-orbiter/-/solar-orbiter-launch-media-kit [2]https://sci.esa.int/web/solar-orbiter

金星上活火山的证据

金星上活火山的证据

2020 January 14 Evidence of an Active Volcano on Venus Image Credit: NASA, JPL-Caltech, ESA, Venus Express: VIRTIS, USRA, LPI Explanation: Are volcanoes still active on Venus? More volcanoes are known on Venus than Earth, but when Venusian volcanoes last erupted is not directly known. Evidence bolstering very recent volcanism on Venus has recently been uncovered, though, right here on Earth. Lab results showed that images of surface lava would become dim in the infrared in only months in the dense Venusian atmosphere, a dimming not seen in ESA’s Venus Express images. Venus Express entered orbit around Venus in 2006 and remained in contact with Earth until 2014. Therefore, the infrared glow (shown in false-color red) recorded by Venus Express for Idunn Mons and featured…

暮色之下的月亮和行星

暮色之下的月亮和行星

2019 November 28 Moon and Planets at Twilight Image Credit & Copyright: Petr Horálek Explanation: This week’s ongoing conjunction of Venus and Jupiter may have whetted your appetite for skygazing. Tonight is the main course though. On November 28, a young crescent Moon will join them posing next to the two bright planets above the western horizon at twilight. Much like tonight’s visual feast, this night skyscape shows a young lunar crescent and brilliant Venus in the western evening twilight on October 29. The celestial beacons are setting over distant mountains and the Minya monastery, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China, planet Earth. Then Mercury, not Jupiter, was a celestial companion to Venus and the Moon. The fleeting innermost planet is just visible here in…

地平线附近的金星和木星

地平线附近的金星和木星

2019 November 26 Venus and Jupiter on the Horizon Image Credit & Copyright: Juan Carlos Casado (TWAN) Explanation: What are those two bright objects on the horizon? Venus and Jupiter. The two brightest planets in the night sky passed very close together — angularly — just two days ago. In real space, they were just about as far apart as usual, since Jupiter (on the right) orbits the Sun around seven times farther out than Venus. The planetary duo were captured together two days ago in a picturesque sunset sky from Llers, Catalonia, Spain between a tree and the astrophotographer’s daughter. These two planets will continue to stand out in the evening sky, toward the west, for the next few days, with a sliver of…

金星从空间站上升起

金星从空间站上升起

来自国际空间站的美国宇航局宇航员克里斯蒂娜·科赫(Christina Koch) (@AstroChristina)抓拍并上传了这张金星日出时的照片。当空间站环绕地球运行时,地球大气层闪烁着蓝色的光芒。 From the International Space Station, NASA astronaut Christina Koch (@AstroChristina) snapped and posted this image of the planet Venus at sunrise. The blue glow of Earth’s atmosphere shimmers as the station orbits our planet. Image Credit: NASA