化学家奥德丽·宫本准备对阿波罗11号样本进行分析

化学家奥德丽·宫本准备对阿波罗11号样本进行分析

Chemist Audrey Miyamoto preparing an Apollo lunar sample to analyze for amino acids at NASA’s Ames Research Center. This is one of a series of photos from 1969 that shows researchers at NASA’s Ames Research Center examining samples of Moon rocks and soil and that astronauts brought back from the Apollo 11 mission. The researchers are looking for signs of life endemic to the Moon, as well as organic compounds that are the basic building blocks of life. Of course, no lunar life was found in these samples, and we now know that the Moon does not harbor life. Nevertheless, these tests became the first time that NASA looked for the possibility of life existing on another world using samples from that world. Learn more…

致敬NASA的宇航员医师

致敬NASA的宇航员医师

Today is National Doctors’ Day! Celebrated each year on March 30, National Doctors’ Day recognizes the contributions of physicians to individual lives and communities. At NASA, a number of our astronauts also have been physicians. NASA also has flight surgeons, who specialize in caring for our astronauts. Mae Jemison, the first African American woman in space, was also a physician and flew on Space Shuttle Endeavour’s STS-47 mission in 1998. In this image from Jan. 1992, Jemison works at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. More recently, Serena Auñón-Chancellor​, another another astronaut and physician, spent six months aboard the International Space Station. She is also a distinguished and award-winning flight surgeon. Learn more about flight surgeons and their role in keeping our astronauts flight ready. Image Credit:…

纪念凯瑟琳·约翰逊的一生

纪念凯瑟琳·约翰逊的一生

A Celebration of Life service was held on Saturday, March 7, 2020 for NASA mathematician Katherine Johnson at the Hampton University Convocation Center. Johnson’s life and career were the subject of the movie ‘Hidden Figures.’ Image Credit: NASA / David C. Bowman 2020年3月7日(星期六)为美国国家航空航天局数学家凯瑟琳·约翰逊在汉普顿大学会议中心举行了“生命庆典”活动。 约翰逊的生活和职业生涯是电影《隐藏的人物》的主题。 图片来源:NASA / David C. Bowman

艾米莉亚·埃尔哈特参观了NACA(她的外套被风洞卡住了!)

艾米莉亚·埃尔哈特参观了NACA(她的外套被风洞卡住了!)

On March 3, 1915, Congress created the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), the organization from which NASA was created in 1958. NACA research led to advances in aeronautics that helped the Allies win World War II, spawned a world-leading civil aviation manufacturing industry, propelled supersonic flight, supported national security during the Cold War and laid the foundation for modern air travel and the space age. This group photo was taken on steps of Langley Research Building on Nov. 5, 1928. In the front row are, left to right: E.A. Meyers, Elton Miller, Amelia Earhart, Henry Reid, and Lt. Col. Jacob W.S. Wuest. In the back row are, left to right: Carlton Kemper, Raymond Sharp, Thomas Carroll, (unknown person behind A.E.), and Fred Weick. During…

NASA本周速递(20200229)

NASA本周速递(20200229)

Credit:NASA 2月24日,NASA传奇的数学家凯瑟琳•约翰逊(Katherine Johnson)与世长辞。正如《隐藏人物》书中和电影中所述,约翰逊是一位杰出的女性科学家,与其他几位伟大的女性一同完成了NASA最早期、最久远太空飞行的重要计算工作。在2015年,约翰逊被授予了总统自由勋章,美国最高荣誉的文职勋章,由美国总统一年一度颁发,与国会金质奖章并列为美国最高的平民荣誉)。凯瑟琳•约翰逊享年101岁。 2月25日,宇航员安妮•麦克莱恩(Anne McClain)和泽娜•卡德曼(Zena Cardman)进行了一次太空行走训练,为NASA的下一代阿尔忒弥斯时代宇航员展示他们将要接受的部分训练。新一批宇航员还将配合航天器和其他硬件的实体模型进行训练,例如国际空间站以及将要带宇航员登上月球的猎户座飞船。NASA将会于3月2日~31日接受下一批宇航员的申请。 同样在2月25日,诺斯罗普•格鲁曼公司(Northrop Grumman)位于马里兰州埃尔克顿工厂的工程师成功完成了姿态控制发动机(attitude control motor)的第三次也是最后一次测试,姿态控制发动机的作用是控制猎户座飞船发射中止系统的行驶方向。此次测试让姿态控制发动机具备了阿尔忒弥斯2号(Artemis II)、猎户座飞船首次载人任务的资格。 NASA举办了一次公开赛,征集一种特殊传感器的设计思路,要求这种传感器能应用在未来的金星漫游者中,在灼热的表面上也能安全运行。设计思路的提交截止日期为2020年5月29日,最终胜出的传感器设计将会被纳入金星漫游者的设计概念中。更多详细信息请见go.nasa.gov/venusrover。 2月25日,兰利研究中心举办了一项新的NASA航空科学活动预展,这项活动的目的是帮助改善天气和气候预报。大西洋西部上空气溶胶和云的气象学相互作用实验(ACTIVATE)将通过一系列3月底的飞行,收集有关北大西洋西部上空云层过程的大量数据。NASA今年预计进行5项新的主要航空科学研究,这是其中第2项。 以上就是「本周 NASA」的全部内容!更多详细信息请访问 nasa.gov/twan。

特雷西·德兰:系统工程师

特雷西·德兰:系统工程师

Tracy Drain’s job is to literally “go where no one has gone before.” Drain is systems engineer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab. In this cellphone image, she stands with one of her childhood inspirations … Nichelle Nichols, Star Trek’s Lt. Uhura. The image was taken when Nichols visited JPL on Aug. 15, 2016, during the time when Tracy was the deputy chief engineer for the Juno mission to Jupiter. So what exactly does a systems engineer do? This is what Drain does in her own words: “When you think about a spacecraft and all the different parts that are necessary to make a spacecraft work, there are engineers who focus on designing/build each of those specific areas (like telecommunications, thermal, attitude control, etc.). But a…

土星IB的首飞

土星IB的首飞

On Feb. 26, 1966, AS-201, the first Saturn IB rocket, lifted off from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. Designed and developed by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, the AS-201 mission was an uncrewed suborbital flight to test the Saturn IB and the Apollo Command and Service modules. The objectives of the flight were to verify the structural integrity, launch loads, stage separation and operation of subsystems of the Saturn 1B, and evaluate the Apollo spacecraft subsystems, heatshield and mission support facilities. Today, NASA aims to return to the Moon by 2024 with our Artemis Program, which will land American astronauts, including the first woman and the next man, on the Moon. Through the agency’s Artemis lunar exploration program, we will use innovative new technologies and systems…

隐藏人物凯瑟琳·约翰逊去世 享年101岁

隐藏人物凯瑟琳·约翰逊去世 享年101岁

2020年2月24日,NASA数学家凯瑟琳·约翰逊(Katherine Johnson)去世,享年101岁,她是《隐藏人物》的原型之一,是寻求种族平等的开拓者。 凯瑟琳,1918年8月26日出生于西佛吉尼亚州白硫磺泉镇,是家里四个孩子中最小的。 她在10岁时就读于西弗吉尼亚州公立中学,这所学校位于西弗吉尼亚州立学院(现在的西弗吉尼亚州立大学)的校园内。由于在数学方面表现突出并跳级,凯瑟琳在14岁就进入西弗吉尼亚州立学院学习,大学期间学完了所有的数学课程,并在18岁时(1937年)以优异的成绩获得了数学和法语学位,之后在一所黑人公立学校任教。 1939年,凯瑟琳与第一任丈夫詹姆斯·戈布尔(James Goble)结婚,当西弗吉尼亚州悄悄地整合研究生学院时,凯瑟琳和另外两名男生成为西弗吉尼亚大学首批黑人学生,之后离开教学工作,开始了研究生数学课程的学习,一年后由于怀孕,凯瑟琳离开了学校,待三个女儿长大后,她开始重新执教。 1952年是个转折点,一个亲戚告诉凯瑟琳,国家航空咨询委员会(NACA)兰利实验室正在招收黑人数学家,组建计算部门,该实验室由桃乐茜·沃恩(Dorothy Vaughan)领导。凯瑟琳和丈夫决定抓住机会,举家搬到了弗吉尼亚州的纽波特纽斯。(说明一下,NACA是美国宇航局NASA的前身)。 1953年6月开始,凯瑟琳开始在兰利实验室工作,两周后,桃乐茜将她安排到飞行研究机动载荷部门的一个项目中进行工作,凯瑟琳也获得了永久职位,接下来的四年里,她分析了飞行测试数据,并对尾流引起的飞机失事进行了调查,在她完成这项工作的时候,她的丈夫在1956年12月因癌症去世。 1957年10月4日,苏联成功发射了世界上首颗人造卫星sputnik,直径大约23英寸,重量小于190磅,在地球上空的椭圆轨道周期约98分钟,哗哗…….哗哗…….哗哗…….的声音传回地球,这次事件不仅开启了美国和苏联的太空竞赛,也改变了凯瑟琳的生活。 1957年,凯瑟琳为1958年的文件《空间技术说明》( Notes on Space Technology)提供了数学知识,该文件是飞行研究部门和无人驾驶飞机研究部门(PARD)的工程师,1958年系列讲座的概要。这是NACA首次正式进军太空领域,这些工程师们也成为了太空任务小组的核心成员。 1958年,美国总统艾森豪威尔签署了《国家航空航天法》 (Pub.L. 85–568),以美国国家航空咨询委员会(NACA)为基础,创建了NASA,初期员工8240名,其中8000名员工来自NACA,预算约为3.4亿美元,并于1958年10月1日开始运作。 1960年9月,凯瑟琳和工程师特德·斯科平斯基(Ted Skopinski)合著了一份报告,这份报告通过太空飞行的方程式,推演出飞船的着陆位置,凯瑟琳因此成为首位被飞行研究部门称赞的女性合作者。 1961年5月5日,艾伦·谢泼德参加水星计划乘坐“自由7号”太空舱进入太空,成为美国首位进入太空飞行的宇航员,凯瑟琳进行了轨迹分析。 1962年,凯瑟琳的工作照。 Credit:NASA [rml_read_more] 1962年,约翰·格伦(John Glenn)乘坐友谊7号飞船环绕地球飞行时,这样的飞行需要搭建一个全球性的通信网络。轨道飞行的复杂性需要将全球的追踪站连接到位于华盛顿,佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角和百慕大的IBM计算机中。通过将轨道方程输入到IBM的计算机中,NASA可以控制从发射到降落的整个太空轨迹,但约翰·格伦对计算机的结果不是很放心,要求凯瑟琳使用台式机械计算机演算一遍,结果没有问题,这才放心。 1980年,凯瑟琳在兰利研究中心的工作照。 Credit:NASA/Aubrey Gemignani 当被问及她对太空探索的最大贡献时,凯瑟琳说到她的计算,帮助同步了阿波罗计划中的登月舱与月球轨道指挥舱和服务舱。 凯瑟琳后来还从事了航天飞机和地球资源技术卫星(ERTS, 后称为Landsat)的工作,撰写或合著了26份研究报告,在兰利工作33年后,她于1986年退休。 2016年12月1日,凯瑟琳在兰利研究中心西区计算机部门,观看隐藏人物首映式。 Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignan 2015年,奥巴马总统授予凯瑟琳总统自由勋章,这是美国公民的最高荣誉。 Credit:NASA 2020年2月24日,凯瑟琳去世,享年101岁,NASA局长吉姆·布里登斯廷(Jim Bridenstine)表示,NASA大家庭对此非常难过,她是美国的英雄,她的开拓性遗产将永远不会被忘记。 Credit:NASA 参考: [1]https://www.nasa.gov/content/katherine-johnson-biography [2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Johnson

庆祝凯瑟琳·约翰逊的一生和事业

庆祝凯瑟琳·约翰逊的一生和事业

Katherine Johnson passed away Feb. 24, 2020, after living a life filled with trail-blazing achievements. Being handpicked to be one of three black students to integrate West Virginia’s graduate schools is something that many people would consider one of their life’s most notable moments, but it’s just one of the breakthroughs that have marked Katherine Johnson’s long and remarkable life. Born in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, by thirteen, she was attending the high school on the campus of historically black West Virginia State College. At eighteen, she enrolled in the college itself, graduated with highest honors in 1937 and took a job teaching at a black public school in Virginia. In 1953, Johnson began working in the all-black West Area Computing section at the…

康妮·摩尔和谢瓦·摩尔:NASA影像的守护者

康妮·摩尔和谢瓦·摩尔:NASA影像的守护者

Connie Moore (left) and Sheva Moore are not related but they share a passion for helping the public find just the right image or film clip for projects. With a combined 50+ years of service at NASA Headquarters, they have worked on projects big and small–from books by high-end publishers Taschen, to documentaries and feature films. Sheva Moore joined NASA Headquarters as a contractor and video librarian in 2001. Her work includes providing content to major networks, productions companies, educators and private citizens to support documentaries, features films, broadcast news and the vision of the agency. She has filled thousands of domestic and international requests because the work that NASA has done and continues to do, impacts and inspires millions of people around the world….