月华、木星与土星

月华、木星与土星

2021年01月19日 A Lunar Corona with Jupiter and Saturn Image Credit & Copyright: Alessandra Masi Explanation: Why does a cloudy moon sometimes appear colorful? The effect, called a lunar corona, is created by the quantum mechanical diffraction of light around individual, similarly-sized water droplets in an intervening but mostly-transparent cloud. Since light of different colors has different wavelengths, each color diffracts differently. Lunar Coronae are one of the few quantum mechanical color effects that can be easily seen with the unaided eye. Solar coronae are also sometimes evident. The featured composite image was captured a few days before the close Great Conjunction between Saturn and Jupiter last month. In the foreground, the Italian village of Pieve di Cadore is visible in front of the Sfornioi Mountains….

土星前方的土卫六

土星前方的土卫六

2021年01月09日 Titan: Moon over Saturn Image Credit: NASA, JPL-Caltech, Space Science Institute Explanation: Like Earth’s moon, Saturn’s largest moon Titan is locked in synchronous rotation. This mosaic of images recorded by the Cassini spacecraft in May of 2012 shows its anti-Saturn side, the side always facing away from the ringed gas giant. The only moon in the solar system with a dense atmosphere, Titan is the only solar system world besides Earth known to have standing bodies of liquid on its surface and an earthlike cycle of liquid rain and evaporation. Its high altitude layer of atmospheric haze is evident in the Cassini view of the 5,000 kilometer diameter moon over Saturn’s rings and cloud tops. Near center is the dark dune-filled region known as…

木星─土星大近合:有大红斑参与的盛会

木星─土星大近合:有大红斑参与的盛会

2020年12月23日 Jupiter Meets Saturn: A Red Spotted Great Conjunction Image Credit & Copyright: Damian Peach Explanation: It was time for their close-up. Two days ago Jupiter and Saturn passed a tenth of a degree from each other in what is known a Great Conjunction. Although the two planets pass each other on the sky every 20 years, this was the closest pass in nearly four centuries. Taken early in day of the Great Conjunction, the featured multiple-exposure combination captures not only both giant planets in a single frame, but also Jupiter’s four largest moons (left to right) Callisto, Ganymede, Io, and Europa — and Saturn’s largest moon Titan. If you look very closely, the clear Chilescope image even captures Jupiter’s Great Red Spot. The now-separating…

日落后的近合景观

日落后的近合景观

2020年12月19日 Conjunction after Sunset Image Credit & Copyright: Alireza Vafa Explanation: How close will Jupiter and Saturn be at their Great Conjunction? Consider this beautiful triple conjunction of Moon, Jupiter and Saturn captured through clouds in the wintry twilight. The telephoto view looks toward the western horizon and the Alborz Mountains in Iran after sunset on December 17. The celestial gathering makes it easy to see Jupiter and fainter Saturn are separated on that date by roughly the diameter of the waxing crescent Moon. On the day of their Great Conjunction, solstice day December 21, Jupiter and Saturn may seem to nearly merge though. In their closest conjunction in 400 years they will be separated on the sky by only about 1/5 the apparent diameter…

土星与木星的大近合

土星与木星的大近合

2020年12月13日星期日,在弗吉尼亚州卢雷,雪兰多国家公园日落后拍摄的土星(上方)和木星(下方)。两颗行星在12月21日朝着大近合前进时,彼此之间的距离越来越近,这两个巨行星之间的距离将相差十分之一度。 来源:NASA / Bill Ingalls 天文爱好者迎来了年终盛宴。俗称“圣诞节之星”的是一颗特别活跃的行星结,在接下来的两周里,当明亮的木星和土星近合在12月21日晚上达到顶峰时,很容易在傍晚的天空中看到它们。 1610年,意大利天文学家伽利略·伽利莱(Galileo Galilei)将望远镜对准夜空,发现了木星的四个卫星——木卫一、木卫二、木卫三和木卫四。同一年,伽利略还在土星周围发现了一个奇怪的椭圆形,后来的观测确定这就是土星环。这些发现改变了人们对太阳系的认识。 13年后的1623年,太阳系的两颗大行星——木星和土星一起划过天空。在一次被称为大近合的天文事件中,木星赶上并超过了土星。 “你可以把太阳系想象成一个跑道,每个行星都在自己的跑道上奔跑,而地球则朝着体育场的中心奔跑,”NASA华盛顿总部行星科学部的天文学家亨利·特鲁普(Henry Throop)说。“从有利的角度来看,我们将能够看到木星在内部跑道上,整整一个月都接近土星,最后在12月21日超越木星。” 这两颗行星在太阳系中有规律地掠过,木星和土星的位置大约每20年在天空中排成一条直线。 那么,是什么让今年的奇观如此罕见呢?两颗行星在天空中如此接近地掠过已经过去了近400年,而土星和木星在夜间连成一线也已经过去了近800年,就像2020年一样,这让全世界几乎所有人都见证了这一大近合。 最近的近合将出现在十分之一度的距离,并持续几天。在21号,它们会显得如此接近,以至于与小臂保持一定距离的手指很容易遮盖天空中的两个行星。日落之后,朝西南方向看,将很容易用肉眼看到这些行星。 从我们在地球上的有利位置看,这两颗巨大的气体巨星看上去非常近,但它们在太空中的距离将保持数亿英里。而且,虽然在冬至的同一天发生了近合,但基于行星的轨道和地球的倾斜,时间只是巧合。 “这样的结合可能在一年中的任何一天发生,这取决于行星在它们轨道上的位置。”思鲁普(Throop)说,“近合的日期是由木星、土星和地球在它们绕太阳运行轨道上的位置决定,而至日的日期是由地球轴线的倾斜决定。冬至是一年中最长的夜晚,所以这个罕见的巧合将给人们一个绝佳的机会去外面看看太阳系。” 不知道什么时候该抬头看,在什么地方该抬头看?12月17日星期四,加入思鲁普在#NASAScience Live上谈论大近合的节目。通过使用#askNASA提交你的问题。NASA科学直播将于美国东部时间周四下午3点在NASA电视台和NASA网站上直播,还在NASA的Facebook、YouTube和Periscope频道上同步转播。 对于那些想亲眼目睹这一现象的人来说,可以这样做: 寻找一个没有遮挡天空的地点,例如田野或公园。木星和土星明亮,因此即使在大多数城市也能看到它们。 日落一小时后,望向西南的天空。木星将看起来像一颗明亮的恒星,很容易被看到。土星会稍微暗淡一些,并会出现在木星的上方和左侧,直到12月21日,当木星将超过它,它们将在天空中改变位置。 这些行星可以用肉眼看到,但如果你有双筒望远镜或小型望远镜,你也许能看到木星的四颗大卫星围绕着这颗巨大的行星运行。 每到夜晚,这两颗行星将会在日落后的一个小时内出现在较低的西南方向,如下图所示: 来源:NASA/JPL-Caltech 学习以下如何拍摄行星的技巧和技巧: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/1615/how-to-photograph-the-conjunction-of-saturn-and-jupiter/ 夜空网络: https://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov/ 木星和土星的访客: https://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov/news-display.cfm?News_ID=931 想了解更多关于行星近合的知识吗?看看这些资源: https://blogs.nasa.gov/Watch_the_Skies/2015/06/30/jupiter-and-venus-conjunction/ https://youtu.be/sofRYcfaqy0 阅读NASA的这些观察天空的小贴士: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/whats-up-skywatching-tips-from-nasa/ 参考来源: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/the-great-conjunction-of-jupiter-and-saturn

土星与木星大近合

土星与木星大近合

2020年12月15日 Great Conjunction: Saturn and Jupiter Converge Illustration Credit & Copyright: Sebastian Voltmer Explanation: It’s happening. Saturn and Jupiter are moving closer and will soon appear in almost exactly the same direction. Coincidentally, on the night of the December solstice — the longest night of the year in the north and the longest day in the south — the long-awaited Great Conjunction will occur. Then, about six days from now, Saturn and Jupiter will be right next to each other — as they are every 20 years. But this juxtaposition is not just any Great Conjunction — it will be the closest since 1623 because the two planetary giants will pass only 1/10th of a degree from each other — well less than the apparent…

2020年夏天的土星与木星

2020年夏天的土星与木星

2020年12月12日 Saturn and Jupiter in Summer 2020 Image Credit & Copyright: Tunc Tezel (TWAN), Onur Durma Explanation: During this northern summer Saturn and Jupiter were both near opposition, opposite the Sun in planet Earth’s sky. Their paired retrograde motion, seen about every 20 years, is followed from 19 June through 28 August in this panoramic composite as they wander together between the stars in western Capricornus and eastern Sagittarius. But this December’s skies find them drawing even closer together. Jupiter and Saturn are now close, bright celestial beacons in the west after sunset. On solstice day December 21 they will reach their magnificent 20 year Great Conjunction. Then the two largest worlds in the Solar System will appear in Earth’s sky separated by only about…

西西里灯塔上空的天体大近合

西西里灯塔上空的天体大近合

2020年12月08日 Great Conjunction over Sicilian Lighthouse Image Credit & Copyright: Kevin Saragozza Explanation: Don’t miss the coming great conjunction. In just under two weeks, the two largest planets in our Solar System will angularly pass so close together in Earth’s sky that the Moon would easily be able to cover them both simultaneously. This pending planetary passage — on December 21 — will be the closest since 1623. Jupiter and Saturn will remain noticeably bright and can already be seen together toward the southwest just after sunset. Soon after dusk is the best time to see them — because they set below the horizon soon after. In mid-November, the Jovian giants were imaged together here about three degrees apart — and slowly closing. The featured…

三尖峰上空的土星和木星

三尖峰上空的土星和木星

2020年10月20日 Saturn and Jupiter over Italian Peaks Image Credit & Copyright: Giorgia Hofer Explanation: Saturn and Jupiter are getting closer. Every night that you go out and check for the next two months, these two bright planets will be even closer together on the sky. Finally, in mid-December, a Great Conjunction will occur — when the two planets will appear only 0.1 degrees apart — just one fifth the angular diameter of the full Moon. And this isn’t just any Great Conjunction — Saturn (left) and Jupiter (right) haven’t been this close since 1623, and won’t be nearly this close again until 2080. This celestial event is quite easy to see — already the two planets are easily visible toward the southwest just after sunset…