星力的恒星形成模拟

2021年06月23日

STARFORGE: A Star Formation Simulation
Video & Text Credit: Michael Y. Grudić (Northwestern U.) et al., STARFORGE Collaboration;
Music: Prelude, Op. 28, No. 4 in E Minor (Frédéric Chopin)

Explanation: How do stars form? Most form in giant molecular clouds located in the central disk of a galaxy. The process is started, influenced, and limited by the stellar winds, jets, high energy starlight, and supernova explosions of previously existing stars. The featured video shows these complex interactions as computed by the STARFORGE simulation of a gas cloud 20,000 times the mass of our Sun. In the time-lapse visualization, lighter regions indicate denser gas, color encodes the gas speed (purple is slow, orange is fast), while dots indicate the positions of newly formed stars. As the video begins, a gas cloud spanning about 50 light years begins to condense under its own gravity. Within 2 million years, the first stars form, while newly formed massive stars are seen to expel impressive jets. The simulation is frozen after 4.3 million years, and the volume then rotated to gain a three-dimensional perspective. Much remains unknown about star formation, including the effect of the jets in limiting the masses of subsequently formed stars.

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星力的恒星形成模拟
影片与文稿提供: Michael Y. Grudić (Northwestern U.) et al., STARFORGE Collaboration;
配乐: Prelude, Op. 28, No. 4 in E Minor (Frédéric Chopin)

说明: 恒星是如何形成的？恒星大多形成于星系盘面的巨分子云之内。而恒星形成过程的触发、影响及限制因子，则为恒星风、喷流、高能星光、和先前世代恒星的超新星爆炸。这部来自星力计算模拟的主题影片，呈现在一团质量为20,000倍太阳的气体云里，这些因子的复杂交互作用。在这部缩时的视象化影片里，较淡色的区域气体密度较高，色彩则标示气体的速率（紫色较慢，橙色为高速），而点为新形成恒星的位置。在这部影片开头时，一团宽约50光年的气体云，在本身重力的作用下开始聚集。在2百万年内，第一批恒星形成，而且新诞生的大质量恒星发出让人印象深刻的喷流。这项模拟定格在4百30万年，然后整个体积旋转提供3维视角。关于恒星形成目前还有非常多的未知，包括喷流在限制后续形成的恒星之质量所扮演的角色。 （STARFORGE simulation 星力模拟）

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