黑洞的吸积盘与喷流

Samuel Chan 2024年5月7日下午2:192024年5月8日下午2:21

2024年5月7日

Black Hole Accreting with Jet
Illustration Credit: NASA, Swift, Aurore Simonnet (Sonoma State U.)

Explanation: What happens when a black hole devours a star? Many details remain unknown, but observations are providing new clues. In 2014, a powerful explosion was recorded by the ground-based robotic telescopes of the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (Project ASAS-SN), with followed-up observations by instruments including NASA‘s Earth-orbiting Swift satellite. Computer modeling of these emissions fit a star being ripped apart by a distant supermassive black hole. The results of such a collision are portrayed in the featured artistic illustration. The black hole itself is a depicted as a tiny black dot in the center. As matter falls toward the hole, it collides with other matter and heats up. Surrounding the black hole is an accretion disk of hot matter that used to be the star, with a jet emanating from the black hole’s spin axis.

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黑洞的吸积盘与喷流
图示提供: NASA, Swift, Aurore Simonnet (Sonoma State U.)

说明: 当黑洞吞噬恒星时，会发生什么事？许多细节目前仍不明，但最近的观测提供了新线索。在2014年，地面的全天自动超新星巡天计画（ASAS-SN）的望远镜，侦测到一例强烈的爆发事件，并由包括美国航空航天局的雨燕卫星在内的仪器进行后续观测。这些所侦测到的辐射之电脑拟合，与恒星被遥远超大质量黑洞撕裂的特征相符。此一碰撞事件的结果，可用上面这张主题图示来呈现。这颗黑洞是图示中心的小黑点，而随着物质往黑洞坠落，物质之间的碰撞会造成温度升高，并形成环拱黑洞、前世为恒星炽热物质的吸积盘，以及沿着黑洞自转轴射出的喷流。