太阳动力学天文台拍到的日珥爆发

2024年8月18日

A Solar Prominence Eruption from SDO
Image Credit: NASA/Goddard/SDO AIA Team

Explanation: One of the most spectacular solar sights is an erupting prominence. In 2011, NASA’s Sun-orbiting Solar Dynamic Observatory spacecraft imaged an impressively large prominence erupting from the surface. The dramatic explosion was captured in ultraviolet light in the featured time lapse video covering 90 minutes, where a new frame was taken every 24 seconds. The scale of the prominence is huge — the entire Earth would easily fit under the flowing curtain of hot gas. A solar prominence is channeled and sometimes held above the Sun’s surface by the Sun’s magnetic field. A quiescent prominence typically lasts about a month and may erupt in a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) expelling hot gas into the Solar System. The energy mechanism that creates a solar prominence is a continuing topic of research. Our Sun is again near solar maximum and so very active, featuring numerous erupting prominences and CMEs, one of which resulted in picturesque auroras just over the past week.

Tomorrow’s picture: star cocoon

太阳动态观测卫星拍到的日珥爆发
影像提供: NASA/Goddard/SDO AIA Team

说明: 日珥爆发是太阳最壮观的景观之一。在2011年，美国国家航空航天局的太阳动力学天文台（SDO），拍下了一例令人印象深刻、发生于表面的庞大日珥爆发。于紫外光波段所记录的这例壮观爆发事件，成为了上面这部涵盖90分钟期间的缩时主题影片，其中每张定格拍摄的间隔为24秒。日珥是受到太阳磁场引导，有时会悬在太阳上空的一种结构。日珥极为庞大，在由流动炽热气体构成的帘状结构之下，可轻易地塞进整颗地球。此外，宁静的日珥通常可存续约一个月，最后可能会发生日冕物质抛射，将大量的炽热气体喷入太阳系。不过，日珥形成的能量机制目前仍然是研究的课题。太阳目前处在活动极大期附近，是以非常活跃，经常发生日珥爆发及日冕物质抛射，例如太阳刚在上星期发生一次爆发，并在地球诱发美丽的极光。