庆祝国际空间站20周年：远征1号探险队

This is the official portrait of the Expedition 1 crew, the first humans to live aboard the International Space Station. Arriving on station on Nov. 2, 2000, they were the first of 64 crews to live and work aboard the orbital laboratory.

During a Jan. 30, 1996, press conference in Washington, DC, Vice President Al Gore and Russian Prime Minister Viktor S. Chernomyrdin announced the assignment of American astronaut William M. Shepherd and Russian cosmonaut Sergei K. Krikalev to the first team of crewmembers to occupy the International Space Station (ISS). Shepherd had completed three Space Shuttle missions and Krikalev had flown two long-duration missions aboard the Mir space station as well as on STS-60, becoming the first Russian cosmonaut to fly aboard the Space Shuttle. At the time of the announcement, Shepherd and Krikalev planned to launch to ISS in May 1998 with a third crewmember, another Russian cosmonaut. Initially, the Russians designated Anatoli Y. Solovyev, a veteran of several missions to Mir, as that third crewmember but they ultimately replaced him with Yuri P. Gidzenko, also a Mir veteran. The partners later announced a backup crew composed of veteran Shuttle commander Kenneth D. Bowersox, Mir veteran Vladimir N. Dezhurov, and space rookie Mikhail V. Tyurin.

For the past 20 years, the astronauts aboard the International Space Station have conducted science in a way that cannot be done anywhere else. Orbiting about 250 miles above our planet, the space station is the only laboratory available for long-duration microgravity research.

Learn more: 20 Breakthroughs from 20 Years of Science aboard the International Space Station

Image Credit: NASA

这是远征1号探险队机组人员的官方肖像，他们是第一批在国际空间站生活的人。他们于2000年11月2日抵达空间站，是在轨道实验室工作和生活的64位机组人员中的第一批。

1996年1月30日，在华盛顿特区举行的新闻发布会上，副总统戈尔(Al Gore)和俄罗斯总理切尔诺梅尔金(Viktor S. Chernomyrdin)宣布，美国宇航员威廉·谢泼德和俄罗斯宇航员谢尔盖·克里卡列夫是第一批被派往国际空间站(ISS)的宇航员。谢泼德完成了三次航天飞机飞行任务，克里卡列夫在和平号空间站和STS-60上执行了两次长期飞行任务，成为首位登上航天飞机的俄罗斯宇航员。在宣布这一消息的时候，谢泼德和克里卡列夫计划在1998年5月连同第三名宇航员(另一名俄罗斯宇航员)发射到国际空间站。最初，俄罗斯任命曾多次前往和平号空间站执行任务的老兵阿纳托利索洛维耶夫(Anatoli Y. Solovyev)担任第三名机组人员，但他们最终用同样在和平号上服役的老兵尤里(Yuri P. Gidzenko)代替。合作伙伴随后宣布了一支由经验丰富的航天飞机指挥官肯尼斯·D·鲍沃斯（Kenneth D.Bowersox），和平号元帅老兵弗拉基米尔·德朱罗夫（Vladimir N. Dezhurov)和太空新手米哈伊尔·V·图林(Mikhail V. Tyurin)组成的后备人员。

在过去的20年中，国际空间站上的宇航员以前所未有的方式进行了科学训练。该空间站绕地球上方约250英里运行，是唯一可进行长期微重力研究的实验室。

了解更多：国际空间站上20年的科学突破

图片来源：NASA